Validation of the PCL-5, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 in a Sample of First Responders

Aazi Ahmadi; Jeanine M. Galusha; Warren N. Ponder; Jose Carbajal; Donna L. Schuman; James Whitworth; R. Andrew Yockey

doi:10.1097/JOM.0000000000002823

Validation of the PCL-5, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 in a Sample of First Responders

Aazi Ahmadi, Jeanine M. Galusha, Warren N. Ponder, Jose Carbajal, Donna L. Schuman, James Whitworth, R. Andrew Yockey

School of Social Work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

This study aimed to validate certain measures for assessing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and generalized anxiety in treatment-seeking first responders (FRs) using confirmatory factor analysis on a sample of 390 FRs. The findings indicated that a seven-factor hybrid configuration was the best fit for assessing PTSD. For depression, a two-factor structure encompassing cognitive-affective and somatic depression was the best fit, while generalized anxiety was found to be a unidimensional construct. The study suggests the need for follow-up studies to validate these measures across different subtypes of FRs. This validation contributes to the existing literature, has clinical implications for healthcare providers treating FRs, and provides recommendations for further research in this area.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	467-476
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
Volume	65
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000002823
State	Published - Jun 1 2023

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Keywords

PTSD
assessment
depression
first responders
generalized anxiety

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10.1097/JOM.0000000000002823

Cite this

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AU - Ponder, Warren N.

AU - Carbajal, Jose

AU - Schuman, Donna L.

AU - Whitworth, James

AU - Yockey, R. Andrew

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Validation of the PCL-5, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 in a Sample of First Responders

Abstract

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Keywords

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